South Africa, located at the southern tip of Africa, covers 1.22 million square kilometers and is home to over 59 million people. Rich in natural resources like gold, platinum, and diamonds, its economy also includes agriculture, manufacturing, and services. With 11 official languages, the country is a cultural melting pot. After ending apartheid in 1994, South Africa became a democratic nation under Nelson Mandela. Despite challenges like high unemployment and inequality, it remains a leading economy in Africa and a key member of BRICS, with tourism thriving thanks to attractions like Kruger National Park and Table Mountain.